Suppose that partner opens 1. If you have 3-card spade support, you should raise his spades as follows:
The Single Raise. A single raise shows a minimum hand and 3-card support:
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Partner should pass unless he has significant extra strength.
The Limit Raise.
With an invitational hand, you should make a limit raise:
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Partner should pass with only 13 points and bid 4 with 15 points. With 14 points, partner must choose between these two options.
The Preemptive Raise.
Raising to game immediately is actually preemptive:
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The Delayed Raise.
With a game-forcing hand, you should begin by bidding a new suit, and then raise to game:
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You should not raise to game immediately, since such a bid would be preemptive!